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Revista Da Associacao Medica Brasileira... 2007
Topics: Aged; Barium Sulfate; Contrast Media; Humans; Male; Radiography; Zenker Diverticulum
PubMed: 17568911
DOI: 10.1590/s0104-42302007000200012 -
Revista Espanola de Enfermedades... Sep 2023"Bariolith" is defined as the concretion of barium sulfate in the intestine after performing a radiological study with said contrast. Complications derived from the use...
"Bariolith" is defined as the concretion of barium sulfate in the intestine after performing a radiological study with said contrast. Complications derived from the use of barium are exceptional, but appendicitis, intussusception, volvulus, ulceration, ischemia and perforation have been described. We present the case of a 62 years old woman, who underwent a EGD exploration on the 15th of January 2021 as a part of her study for suspected GERD.
Topics: Humans; Female; Middle Aged; Intestinal Obstruction; Barium Sulfate; Intussusception; Intestinal Volvulus; Appendicitis
PubMed: 36043557
DOI: 10.17235/reed.2022.9084/2022 -
Journal of Plant Physiology Sep 2022We have investigated the biomineralisation of barite ‒a useful proxy for reconstructing paleoproductivity‒ in a freshwater alga, Spirogyra, by combining in vitro and...
We have investigated the biomineralisation of barite ‒a useful proxy for reconstructing paleoproductivity‒ in a freshwater alga, Spirogyra, by combining in vitro and in vivo approaches to unveil the nature of its barite microcrystals. Scanning electron microscope (SEM) and energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDXS) observations on simply dried samples revealed that the number and size of barite crystals were related to the barium concentration in the media. Additionally, their morphology showed a crystallographic face (011), which is not normally observed, suggesting the influence of organic molecules on the growth kinetics. The critical point drying method was used to preserve the internal and external structures of Spirogyra cells for SEM imaging. Crystals were found adjacent to the cytoplasmic membrane, near chloroplasts and fibrillary network. In vivo optical microscopy and Raman tweezer microspectroscopy in living cells showed that barite microcrystals are optically visible and follow cytoplasmic streaming. These results led us to propose that barite formation in Spirogyra occurs in the cytoplasm where barium and sulphate are both available: barium supplied non-selectively through the active transport of the divalent cations needed for actin polymerisation, and sulphate because necessary for amino acid biosynthesis in chloroplasts.
Topics: Barium; Barium Sulfate; Charophyceae; Spirogyra; Sulfates
PubMed: 35939894
DOI: 10.1016/j.jplph.2022.153769 -
ChemistryOpen Aug 202010.1002/open.202000126.
10.1002/open.202000126.
Topics: Barium Sulfate; Drug Carriers; Humans; Metal Nanoparticles; Metals, Heavy; Particle Size; Precision Medicine; Radioisotopes; Radiopharmaceuticals
PubMed: 32775140
DOI: 10.1002/open.202000201 -
Biomedical Papers of the Medical... Jun 2010In recent years, there has been renewed interest in small bowel imaging using a variety of radiologic or endoscopic techniques. This article gives an overview and... (Review)
Review
BACKGROUND
In recent years, there has been renewed interest in small bowel imaging using a variety of radiologic or endoscopic techniques. This article gives an overview and comparison of old and new techniques used in small bowel imaging. New imaging methods as computed tomography (CT), CT enteroclysis (CTEc), CT enterography (CTEg), ultrasound (US), contrast-enhanced ultrasound (CEUS), US enteroclysis, US enterography, magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), MR enteroclysis (MREc) and MR enterography (MREg) are compared with the older techniques such as small- bowel follow- through (SBFT), conventional enteroclysis (CE) and endoscopic techniques including push enteroscopy, ezofagogastroduodenoscopy (EGD), sonde enteroscopy, ileocolonoscopy, double-balloon enteroscopy, intraoperative enteroscopy and wireless capsule enteroscopy (WCE).
METHODS
Systematic scan of Pubmed, Medline, Ovid, Elsevier search engines was used.. Additional information was found through the bibliographical review of relevant articles.
RESULTS
SBFT has only secondary role in small bowel imaging. US is still the method of choice in imaging for pediatric populations. US and CEUS are also accepted as a method of choice especially in inflammatory cases. CE has been replaced by new cross - sectional imaging techniques (CTEc/CTEg or MREc/MREg). CTEc combines the advantages of CT and CE. MREc combines the advantages of MRI and CE. Some authors prefer CTEg or MREg with peroral bowel preparation and they strictly avoid nasojejunal intubation under fluoroscopic control. MREc has better soft tissue contrast, showing it to be more sensitive in detecting mucosal lesions than CTEc in inflammatory diseases. CTEg/MREg are techniques preferred for patients in follow-up of the inflammatory diseases. The radiologic community is not unanimous however about their role in the imaging process. CTEc/MREc as well as CTEg/MREg are superior to endoscopic methods in the investigation of small-bowel tumors. WCE gives unparalleled imaging of the mucosal surface of the small bowel especially in the event of obscure gastrointestinal bleeding and inflammatory diseases.
CONCLUSIONS
In a comparison of endoscopic and radiologic approaches, radiologic techniques are less invasive for patients, they take less time to investigate and allow imaging the entire small bowel. Some do not involve radiation exposure (US, MR). Endoscopic methods are more expensive, more invasive, need longer examination time and technical special skills but without radiation exposure. The greatest advantage of some endoscopic methods is the possibility of mucosal biopsy in one step with diagnostic examination (EGD, push enteroscopy, intraoperative enteroscopy, ileocolonoscopy).
Topics: Barium Sulfate; Contrast Media; Endoscopy, Gastrointestinal; Humans; Intestine, Small; Magnetic Resonance Imaging; Tomography, X-Ray Computed; Ultrasonography
PubMed: 20668493
DOI: 10.5507/bp.2010.019 -
Contrast Media & Molecular Imaging Jul 2016Barium sulfate and lead oxide contrast media are frequently used for cadaver-based angiography studies. These contrast media have not previously been compared to... (Comparative Study)
Comparative Study
Barium sulfate and lead oxide contrast media are frequently used for cadaver-based angiography studies. These contrast media have not previously been compared to determine which is optimal for the visualisation and measurement of blood vessels. In this study, the lower limb vessels of 16 embalmed Wistar rats, and four sets of cannulae of known diameter, were injected with one of three different contrast agents (barium sulfate and resin, barium sulfate and gelatin, and lead oxide combined with milk powder). All were then scanned using micro-computed tomography (CT) angiography and 3-D reconstructions generated. The number of branching generations of the rat lower limb vessels were counted and compared between the contrast agents using ANOVA. The diameter of the contrast-filled cannulae, were measured and used to calculate the accuracy of the measurements by comparing the bias and variance of the estimates. Intra- and inter-observer reliability were calculated using intra-class correlation coefficients. There was no significant difference (mean difference [MD] 0.05; MD 95% confidence interval [CI] -0.83 to 0.93) between the number of branching generations for barium sulfate-resin and lead oxide-milk powder. Barium sulfate-resin demonstrated less bias and less variance of the estimates (MD 0.03; standard deviation [SD] 1.96 mm) compared to lead oxide-milk powder (MD 0.11; SD 1.96 mm) for measurements of contrast-filled cannulae scanned at high resolution. Barium sulfate-resin proved to be more accurate than lead oxide-milk powder for high resolution micro-CT scans and is preferred due to its non-toxicity. This technique could be applied to any embalmed specimen model. Copyright © 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Topics: Animals; Barium Sulfate; Bias; Cadaver; Computed Tomography Angiography; Contrast Media; Imaging, Three-Dimensional; Lead; Oxides; Rats; Reproducibility of Results; X-Ray Microtomography
PubMed: 27075920
DOI: 10.1002/cmmi.1695 -
Scientific Reports Sep 2022To assess the feasibility and safety of a novel 3D-printed biodegradable biliary stent using polycaprolactone (PCL) in an in vivo porcine model. In this animal study...
To assess the feasibility and safety of a novel 3D-printed biodegradable biliary stent using polycaprolactone (PCL) in an in vivo porcine model. In this animal study using domestic pigs, biodegradable radiopaque biliary stents made of polycaprolactone (PCL) and barium sulfate were produced using 3D printing and surgically inserted into the common bile duct (CBD) of pigs (stent group, n = 12). Another five pigs were allocated to the control group that only underwent resection and anastomosis of the CBD without stent insertion. To check the position and status of the stents and stent-related complications, follow-up computed tomography (CT) was performed every month. The pigs were sacrificed 1 or 3 months after surgery, and their excised CBD specimens were examined at both the macroscopic and microscopic levels. Three pigs (one in the stent group and two in the control group) died within one day after surgery and were excluded from further analysis; the remaining 11 in the stent group and 3 in the control group survived the scheduled follow-up period (1 month, 5 and 1; and 3 months, 6 and 2 in stent and control groups, respectively). In all pigs, no clinical symptoms or radiologic evidence of biliary complications was observed. In the stent group (n = 11), stent migration (n = 1 at 3 months; n = 2 at 1 month) and stent fracture (n = 3 at 2 months) were detected on CT scans. Macroscopic evaluation of the stent indicated no significant change at 1 month (n = 3) or fragmentation with discoloration at 3 months (n = 5). On microscopic examination of CBD specimens, the tissue inflammation score was significantly higher in the stent group than in the control group (mean ± standard deviation (SD), 5.63 ± 2.07 vs. 2.00 ± 1.73; P = 0.039) and thickness of fibrosis of the CBD wall was significantly higher than that of the control group (0.46 ± 0.12 mm vs. 0.21 ± 0.05 mm; P = 0.012). Despite mild bile duct inflammation and fibrosis, 3D-printed biodegradable biliary stents showed good feasibility and safety in porcine bile ducts, suggesting their potential for use in the prevention of postoperative biliary strictures.
Topics: Animals; Barium Sulfate; Feasibility Studies; Fibrosis; Inflammation; Printing, Three-Dimensional; Stents; Swine
PubMed: 36151222
DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-19317-y -
Molecules (Basel, Switzerland) May 2022Fulgurites are naturally occurring structures that are formed when lightning discharges reach the ground. In this investigation, the mineralogical compositions of core...
Fulgurites are naturally occurring structures that are formed when lightning discharges reach the ground. In this investigation, the mineralogical compositions of core and shell compartments of a rare, iron-rich fulgurite from the Mongolian Gobi Desert were investigated by X-ray diffraction and micro-Raman spectroscopy. The interpretation of the Raman data was helped by chemometric analysis, using both multivariate curve resolution (MCR) and principal component analysis (PCA), which allowed for the fast identification of the minerals present in each region of the fulgurite. In the core of the fulgurite, quartz, microcline, albite, hematite, and barite were first identified based on the Raman spectroscopy and chemometrics analyses. In contrast, in the shell compartment of the fulgurite, the detected minerals were quartz, a mixture of the K-feldspars orthoclase and microcline, albite, hematite, and goethite. The Raman spectroscopy results were confirmed by X-ray diffraction analysis of powdered samples of the two fulgurite regions, and are consistent with infrared spectroscopy data, being also in agreement with the petrographic analysis of the fulgurite, including scanning electron microscopy with backscattering electrons (SEM-BSE) and scanning electron microscopy with energy dispersive X-ray (SEM-EDX) data. The observed differences in the mineralogical composition of the core and shell regions of the studied fulgurite can be explained by taking into account the effects of both the diffusion of the melted material to the periphery of the fulgurite following the lightning and the faster cooling at the external shell region, together with the differential properties of the various minerals. The heavier materials diffused slower, leading to the concentration in the core of the fulgurite of the iron and barium containing minerals, hematite, and barite. They first underwent subsequent partial transformation into goethite due to meteoric water within the shell of the fulgurite. The faster cooling of the shell region kinetically trapped orthoclase, while the slower cooling in the core area allowed for the extensive formation of microcline, a lower temperature polymorph of orthoclase, thus justifying the prevalence of microcline in the core and a mixture of the two polymorphs in the shell. The total amount of the K-feldspars decreases only slightly in the shell, while quartz and albite appeared in somewhat larger amounts in this compartment of the fulgurite. On the other hand, at the surface of the fulgurite, barite could not be stabilized due to sulfate lost (in the form of SO plus O gaseous products). The conjugation of the performed Raman spectroscopy experiments with the chemometrics analysis (PCA and, in particular, MCR analyses) was shown to allow for the fast identification of the minerals present in the two compartments (shell and core) of the sample. This way, the XRD experiments could be done while knowing in advance the minerals that were present in the samples, strongly facilitating the data analysis, which for compositionally complex samples, such as that studied in the present investigation, would have been very much challenging, if possible.
Topics: Barium Sulfate; Iron; Minerals; Quartz; Spectrum Analysis, Raman; X-Ray Diffraction
PubMed: 35630530
DOI: 10.3390/molecules27103053 -
The Western Journal of Medicine Aug 1977
Topics: Barium Sulfate; Humans; Peritonitis; Radiography
PubMed: 898951
DOI: No ID Found -
International Journal of Nanomedicine 2019The gastroretentive drug delivery system is an effective administration route, which can improve the bioavailability of the drug and the therapeutic effect by...
The gastroretentive drug delivery system is an effective administration route, which can improve the bioavailability of the drug and the therapeutic effect by prolonging the release time of the drug and controlling the release rate in the stomach. Inspired by the excellent adhesion properties of mussel protein, we prepared novel catechol-grafted chitosan alginate/barium sulfate microcapsules (Cat-CA/BS MCs) with mucoadhesive properties and computed tomography (CT) imaging function for gastric drug delivery. First, barium sulfate nanoclusters used as CT contrast agent were synthesized in situ in the Cat-CA/BS MCs through a one-step electronic spinning method. Next, catechol-grafted chitosan as the mucoadhesive moiety was coated on the surface of Cat-CA/BS MCs by polyelectrolyte molecule self-assembly. The prepared Cat-CA/BS MCs could effectively retained in the stomach for 48 hours and successively released ranitidine hydrochloride, which could be used for the treatment of gastric ulcer. Cat-CA/BS MCs exhibited superior CT contrast imaging properties for real-time tracking in vivo after oral administration. These findings demonstrate that Cat-CA/BS MCs serving as multifunctional oral drug carriers possess huge potential in gastroretentive drug delivery and non-invasive visualization.
Topics: Adhesiveness; Administration, Oral; Animals; Barium Sulfate; Capsules; Catechols; Chitosan; Delayed-Action Preparations; Drug Carriers; Drug Delivery Systems; Female; Mice, Inbred C57BL; Mucus; Nanoparticles; Ranitidine; Spectroscopy, Near-Infrared; Stomach; Tomography, X-Ray Computed
PubMed: 31447554
DOI: 10.2147/IJN.S204237